Earth Science
Earth science is the study of our planet's physical characteristics,
from earthquakes to raindrops, and floods to fossils. It contains many
branches, such as GEOLOGYand oceanography (the study of the world's
oceans).
WHY IS EARTH SCIENCE USEFUL?
Earth science affects our everyday lives. For example, meteorologists
study the weather and watch for dangerous storms. Hydrologists study
water and warn of floods. Seismologists study earthquakes and try to
predict where they will strike. Geologists study rocks and help to
locate useful minerals.
HOW DO EARTH SCIENTISTS WORK?
Earth scientists mainly work "in the field"—climbing mountains,
exploring the seabed, crawling through caves, or wading in swamps.
They measure and collect samples (such as rocks or river water), then
they record their findings on charts and maps.
GEOLOGY
Geology is the study of the rocks that form the planet's surface.
Geologists examine rocks to find out about the history of the Earth
and how Earth was formed.
HOW DO GEOLOGISTS DATE ROCKS?
Rocks are dated using several methods. Geologists called
stratigraphers study the distribution and order of rock layers, or
strata. The youngest rocks are usually found in layers near the
surface; older rocks lie deeper below. Some rocks contain radioactive
elements that can be dated because they decay, or change, at a
particular rate.
HOW DO FOSSILS HELP TO DATE ROCKS?
Fossils (remains or prints of living things preserved in certain types
of rock) tell scientists the relative age of that rock—that is,
whether it is older or younger than other rocks. This helps scientists
to figure out the history of rock formation in different areas. The
first fossils were formed around 3,600 million years ago.
from earthquakes to raindrops, and floods to fossils. It contains many
branches, such as GEOLOGYand oceanography (the study of the world's
oceans).
WHY IS EARTH SCIENCE USEFUL?
Earth science affects our everyday lives. For example, meteorologists
study the weather and watch for dangerous storms. Hydrologists study
water and warn of floods. Seismologists study earthquakes and try to
predict where they will strike. Geologists study rocks and help to
locate useful minerals.
HOW DO EARTH SCIENTISTS WORK?
Earth scientists mainly work "in the field"—climbing mountains,
exploring the seabed, crawling through caves, or wading in swamps.
They measure and collect samples (such as rocks or river water), then
they record their findings on charts and maps.
GEOLOGY
Geology is the study of the rocks that form the planet's surface.
Geologists examine rocks to find out about the history of the Earth
and how Earth was formed.
HOW DO GEOLOGISTS DATE ROCKS?
Rocks are dated using several methods. Geologists called
stratigraphers study the distribution and order of rock layers, or
strata. The youngest rocks are usually found in layers near the
surface; older rocks lie deeper below. Some rocks contain radioactive
elements that can be dated because they decay, or change, at a
particular rate.
HOW DO FOSSILS HELP TO DATE ROCKS?
Fossils (remains or prints of living things preserved in certain types
of rock) tell scientists the relative age of that rock—that is,
whether it is older or younger than other rocks. This helps scientists
to figure out the history of rock formation in different areas. The
first fossils were formed around 3,600 million years ago.
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